EXSEL Background Data

PROBLEM PLANT

Enter the predominant problem species you want to control.

If you have multiple problem plants, enter the primary plant first, then review the suggested treatment alternatives. When you are finished, return to the Problem Plant screen and enter the secondary plant.

Please note that the term "Mixed Brush" refers to a community of plants in South Texas.

Note that "Davis Mountain Mixed Brush" is a mixture that includes catclaw acacia, catclaw mimosa and whitebrush.

Available Plants

AGARITO	ALGERITA	ALLTHORN	AMARGOSA
AMERICAN BEAUTYBERRY	ANAQUA	ANNUAL BROOMWEED	ANNUAL RAGWEED
ANNUAL SUNFLOWER	ASH	ASHE JUNIPER	BEAUTYBERRY
BEE BUSH	BEEBRUSH	BERLANDIER LOBELIA	BIGELOW SHINOAK
BITTER SNEEZEWEED	BLACK LOCUST	BLACK PERSIMMON	BLACK TUPELO
BLACKBRUSH	BLACKBRUSH ACACIA	BLACKGUM	BLACKHAW
BLACKJACK OAK	BLACKLOCUST	BLUEBERRY	BLUEBERRY CEDAR
BLUEBERRY JUNIPER	BLUETHORN	BLUEWOOD	BOIS D'ARC
BORDER PALOVERDE	BRAZIL	BROOM SNAKEWEED	BROOMWEED (ANNUAL)
BUCKBRUSH	BUFFALOBUR	BULLBRIER	BULLNETTLE
BUMELIA	CAMPHORWEED	CANE CACTUS	CAROLINA HORSENETTLE
CAT GREENBRIAR	CATBRIER	CATCLAW ACACIA	CATCLAW MIMOSA
CENIZA	CENIZO	CHAPARAL	CHAPARRAL
CHEROKEE ROSE	CHINABERRY	CHINESE TALLOW	CHITTUM
CHOKECHERRY	CHOLLA	COCKLEBUR	COLIMA
COLUBRINA	COMMON BROOMWEED	COMMON GOLDENWEED	COMMON HOREHOUND
COMMON PERSIMMON	COMMON RAGWEED	CORALBERRY	CORK ELM
COTTONWOOD	COYOTILLO	CREOSOTEBUSH	CROSS OAK
CROTON	CROWN-OF-THORN	CRUCIFIXION THORN	DAVIS MOUNTAIN MIXED BRUSH
DESERT HACKBERRY	DESERT YAUPON	DEVILWEED	DEVILWEED ASTER
DOG CACTUS	DOGFENNEL	DOVEWEED	DRUMMOND'S GOLDENWEED
DRYLAND WILLOW	EASTERN BACCHARIS	EASTERN PERSIMMON	EASTERN REDCEDAR
ELBOWBUSH	ELM	ERICAMERIA	EVE'S NECKLACE
FALSE BROOMWEED	FARKLEBERRY	FLAMELEAF SUMAC	FRENCH MULBERRY
GARBANCILLO	GOATWEED	GRANJENO	GRASS KILLER
GRAY GOLDASTER	GREENBRIAR	GREENBRIER	GUAJILLO
GUAYACAN	GUM ELASTIC	HACKBERRY	HARVARD SHINOAK
HAVARD OAK	HAVARD SHIN OAK	HAWTHORNES	HEDGE ROSE
HERCULES-CLUB	HERCULES-CLUB PRICKLYASH	HICKORY	HOG PLUM
HONEY LOCUST	HONEY MESQUITE	HOREHOUND	HORSEAPPLE
HUISACHE	HUISACHILLO	JAVELINA BUSH	JAVELINABRUSH
JERUSALEM THORN	KNIFE-LEAF CONDALIA	LIME PRICKLYASH	LITTLE BUCKBRUSH
LIVE OAK	LOBELIA	LOCUST	LOTE
LOTEBUSH	MACARTNEY ROSE	MARSHELDER	MES-CAT ACACIA
MESCALBEAN	MESQUITE	MEXICAN BUCKEYE	MEXICAN DEVILWEED
MEXICAN HAT	MEXICAN PALOVERDE	MEXICAN PERSIMMON	MIXED BRUSH - DAVIS MOUNTAIN
MIXED BRUSH - SOUTH TEXAS	MOHRS SHINOAK	MOUNTAIN LAUREL	MOUNTAIN SUMAC
NARROWLEAF GOLDASTER	NEW MEXICO LOCUST	NOPAL	OSAGE ORANGE
PALMETTO	PECAN	PENCIL CACTUS	PERENNIAL BROOMWEED
PLANTAGO	PLANTAIN	POISON IVY	POISON OAK
POST OAK	PRAIRIE GERARDIA	PRICKLYASH	PRICKLYPEAR
PURPLE GERARDIA	PURPLE SAGE	RAGWEED	RAT-TAIL CACTUS
RAYLESS GOLDENROD	RED OAK	REDBERRY CEDAR	REDBERRY JUNIPER
REDBUD	RETAMA	ROOSEVELT WILLOW	ROSEHEDGE
ROSINWEED	RUNNING LIVE OAK	RUNNING MESQUITE	SACAHUISTA
SACHAHUISTA	SALTCEDAR	SAND SAGEBRUSH	SAND SHIN OAK
SAND SHINNERY OAK	SAND WORMWOOD	SASSAFRAS	SAWBRIER
SEA-MYRTLE	SEEP WILLOW	SILVERLEAF NIGHTSHADE	SMARTWEED
SOAP-BUSH	SOUTH TEXAS MIXED BRUSH	SPANISH DAGGER	SPINY ASTER
SPINY HACKBERRY	SUGAR HACKBERRY	SULFAWEED	SUMAC
SUMPWEED	SUNFLOWER	SWAMP TUPELO	SWEET ACACIA
SWEETGUM	TALLOWWEED	TARBUSH	TASAJILLO
TEXAS BUCKEYE	TEXAS KIDNEYWOOD	TEXAS PALOVERDE	TEXAS PERSIMMON
TEXAS SOPHORA	THISTLES	THREADLEAF GROUNDSEL	TREADSALVE
TREE CACTUS	TROMPILLO	TURKEY PEAR	TWINLEAF SENNA
TWISTED ACACIA	TWO-END BUSH	TWOLEAF SENNA	UPRIGHT-PRAIRIE CONEFLOWER
VIBURNUM	WALNUT	WESTERN BITTERWEED	WESTERN HONEY MESQUITE
WESTERN HORSENETTLE	WESTERN RAGWEED	WESTERN SOAPBERRY	WHITE BUSH
WHITE SHINOAK	WHITEBRUSH	WHITETHORN ACACIA	WHITEWEED
WILD CARROT	WILD CHINABERRY	WILD PLUM	WILD ROSE
WILLOW	WILLOW BACCHARIS	WINGED ELM	WOLFBERRY
WOLFWEED	WOOLLY LOCOWEED	YANKEEWEED	YAUPON
YAUPON HOLLY	YUCCA

COUNTY

Use the space bar to select the county in Texas where the treatment area is located.

ANDERSON	ANGELINA	ARANSAS	ATASCOSA
AUSTIN	BASTROP	BEE	BELL
BEXAR	BOWIE	BRAZORIA	BRAZOS
BROOKS	BURLESON	CALDWELL	CALHOUN
CAMERON	CAMP	CASS	CHAMBERS
CHEROKEE	COLLIN	COLORADO	COMAL
COOKE	DALLAS	DELTA	DENTON
DEWITT	DIMMIT	DUVAL	ELLIS
FALLS	FANNIN	FAYETTE	FORT BEND
FRANKLIN	FREESTONE	FRIO	GALVESTON
GOLIAD	GONZALES	GRAYSON	GREGG
GRIMES	GUADALUPE	HARDIN	HARRIS
HARRISON	HAYS	HENDERSON	HIDALGO
HILL	HOPKINS	HOUSTON	HUNT
JACKSON	JASPER	JEFFERSON	JIM HOGG
JIM WELLS	JOHNSON	KARNES	KAUFMAN
KENEDY	KINNEY	KLEBERG	LAMAR
LA SALLE	LAVACA	LEE	LEON
LIBERTY	LIMESTONE	LIVE OAK	MCLENNAN
MCMULLEN	MADISON	MARION	MATAGORDA
MAVERICK	MEDINA	MILAM	MONTGOMERY
MORRIS	NACOGDOCHES	NAVARRO	NEWTON
NUECES	ORANGE	PANOLA	POLK
RAINS	RED RIVER	REFUGIO	ROBERTSON
ROCKWALL	RUSK	SABINE	SAN AUGUSTINE
SAN JACINTO	SAN PATRICIO	SHELBY	SMITH
STARR	TARRANT	TITUS	TRAVIS
TRINITY	TYLER	UPSHUR	UVALDE
VAN ZANDT	VICTORIA	WALKER	WALLER
WASHINGTON	WEBB	WHARTON	WILLACY
WILLIAMSON	WILSON	WOOD	ZAPATA
ZAVALA	ANDREWS	ARCHER	ARMSTRONG
BAILEY	BANDERA	BAYLOR	BLANCO
BORDEN	BOSQUE	BREWSTER	BRISCOE
BROWN	BURNET	CALLAHAN	CARSON
CASTRO	CHILDRESS	CLAY	COCHRAN
COKE	COLEMAN	COLLINGSWORTH	COMANCHE
CONCHO	CORYELL	COTTLE	CRANE
CROCKETT	CROSBY	CULBERSON	DALLAM
DAWSON	DEAF SMITH	DICKENS	DONLEY
EASTLAND	ECTOR	EDWARDS	EL PASO
ERATH	FISHER	FLOYD	FOARD
GAINES	GARZA	GILLESPIE	GLASSCOCK
GRAY	HALE	HALL	HAMILTON
HANSFORD	HARDEMAN	HARTLEY	HASKELL
HEMPHILL	HOCKLEY	HOOD	HOWARD
HUDSPETH	HUTCHINSON	IRION	JACK
JEFF DAVIS	JONES	KENDALL	KENT
KERR	KIMBLE	KING	KNOX
LAMB	LAMPASAS	LIPSCOMB	LLANO
LOVING	LUBBOCK	LYNN	MCCULLOCH
MARTIN	MASON	MENARD	MIDLAND
MILLS	MITCHELL	MONTAGUE	MOORE
MOTLEY	NOLAN	OCHILTREE	OLDHAM
PALO PINTO	PARKER	PARMER	PECOS
POTTER	PRESIDIO	RANDALL	REAGAN
REAL	REEVES	ROBERTS	RUNNELS
SAN SABA	SCHLEICHER	SCURRY	SHACKLEFORD
SHERMAN	SOMERVELL	STEPHENS	STERLING
STONEWALL	SUTTON	SWISHER	TAYLOR
TERRELL	TERRY	THROCKMORTON	TOM GREEN
UPTON	VAL VERDE	WARD	WHEELER
WICHITA	WILBARGER	WINKLER	WISE
YOAKUM	YOUNG

SOIL TYPE

If you are unable to identify the soil type, contact your County Extension Agent or the Soil Conservation Service office.

SOIL DEPTH

If you are unable to identify the soil depth, contact your County Extension Agent or the Soil Conservation Service office.

PLANTS PER ACRE

Estimate the number of problem plants per acre.

STEM DIAMETER

Estimate the average stem diameter in inches at ground level of the problem plant on the treatment site.

PLANT HEIGHT

Estimate the average height of the problem plant in feet.

TREATMENT METHOD

TOPOGRAPHICAL FEATURES

Using certain mechanical treatments on steep slopes and rock outcrops may result in personal injury and/or serious damage to the equipment.

If there are steep slopes or rock outcrops on the area to be treated, then answer `Y' for Yes or `N' for No.

TREATMENT TYPE

SEEDING

If you want to consider range seeding instead of natural succession, then enter "Y" for Yes.

If you do not want to consider range seeding, then enter "N" for No.

AERIAL APPLICATION

Because there are considerations for applying herbicides by air, this screen allows you to decide whether or not to use this method.

Answer "Y" for Yes if you want to apply aerial herbicides or "N" for No if you do not want to apply aerial herbicides.

CLIENT INFORMATION

Enter the client's name as you would like it to appear on the report.

Enter the client's ranch name as you would like it to appear on the report.

Enter the client's mailing address.

Two lines are provided for your convenience.

Enter the name of the client's town or city.

Enter the name of the client's state for his/her mailing address.

Enter the client's postal zip code for his/her mailing address.

Enter the client's home phone number.

Enter the client's ranch or work phone number.

NOTICE

If the current date is later than April 1, 2000, this version of EXSEL is out-of-date. Install the latest version already sent to you or call the Extension Range Specialists Office, Texas A&M University, for information on availability of the latest EXSEL software, 409/845-2755.

REFERENCES

Your County Extension Office has access to the following publications which provide additional information:

Hamilton, W. T., L. M. Kitchen, and C. Scifres. Height Replacement of Selected Woody Plants Following Burning or Shredding. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Publication B-1361, July 1981.
Hoffman, Garlyn O. and Robert H. Haas. Fact Sheet: Controlling Drift of Herbicidal Sprays. Texas Agricultural Extension Service. Publication L-848, 2-70 Reprint.
Hughes, Eugene E. Effects of Root Plowing and Aerial Spraying on Microclimate, Soil Conditions and Vegetation of a Mesquite Area, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Publication MP-812, August 1966.
James, L. F., R. F. Keeler, A. E. Johnson, M. C. Williams, Cronin, J. D. Olsen. Plants Poisonous to Livestock in the Western States. U.S.D.A. Agricultural Information Bulletin 415, 1980.
Kates, A. H., D. E. Davis, J. McCormack, J. F. Miller. Poisonous Plants of the Southern United States. Texas Agricultural Extension Service. Publication B-1271, 1-80.
Lundgren, G. K., R. E. Whitson, D. E. Ueckert, F. E. Gilstrap, and C. W. Livingston, Jr. Assessment of the Pricklypear Problem on Texas Rangeland. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Publication MP-1483, May 1981.
McGinty, Allen. Poisonous Plant Management. Texas Agricultural Extension Service, Publication B-1499, 11-86 Reprint.
McGinty, Allen and Tommy G. Welch. Brush Control for Small Acreages. Texas Agricultural Extension Service. Publication L-2227, 3-88 Reprint.
Mesquite: Growth and Development, Management, Economics, Control, Uses. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Monograph, November 1973.
Scifres, C. J. Systems for Improving Macartney Rose Infested Coastal Prairie Rangeland. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. Publication MP-1225, September 1975.
Scifres, C. J., J. L. Mutz and W. T. Hamilton. 1979. Control of Mixed Brush with Tebuthiuron, Journal of Range Management, Vol. 32, No. 2, March 1979, pp. 155 - 158.
Scifres, Charles J. 1980. Brush Management: Principles and Practices for Texas and the Southwest, Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas.
Scifres, C. J., W. T. Hamilton, J. R. Conner, J. M. Inglis, G. A. Rasmussen, R. P. Smith, J. W. Stuth, T. G. Welch. Integrated Brush Management Systems for South Texas: Development and Implementation, Texas Agricultural Extension Service, Publication B-1493, 6-85 edition.
Scifres, C., B. H. Koerth, R. A. Crane, R. C. Flinn, W. T. Hamilton, T. G. Welch, D. N. Ueckert, C. W. Hanselka, L. D. White. Management of South Texas Mixed Brush with Herbicides. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Publication B-1623, 6-89.
Texas Herbicide Regulations 1987. Texas Department of Agriculture, Publication TDA Q103K.
Using Pesticides: Commercial Applicator Manual, Texas Agricultural Extension Service, 2-86 edition.
Welch, Tommy G. Fact Sheet: Mixing Instructions for Liquid Herbicides. Texas Agricultural Extension Service, Publication L-1839, 2-81 Revision.
Welch, T. G. and C. J. Scifres. Macartney Rose Control Systems. Texas Agricultural Extension Service, Publication L-2170, 8-85 edition.
Welch, Tommy G. and Marshall R. Haferkamp. Seeding Rangeland. Texas Agricultural Extension Service, Publication B-1379, 3-87 Revision.
Welch, Tommy G. Chemical Weed and Brush Control: Suggestions for Rangeland, Texas Agricultural Extension Service, Publication B-1466, 4-88 Revision.
Wright, H. A. and A. W. Bailey. 1982. Fire Ecology. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York. 501 pp.

PRECAUTIONS FOR USING HERBICIDES

Herbicides are safe when stored, handled, mixed, and used in accordance with label instructions and sound agricultural practices. Most herbicides are low in toxicity; however, some are poisonous to humans, domestic animals, fish, and wildlife. Most herbicides are toxic to broadleaf crops.

Avoid spraying in windy conditions.

Keep herbicides away from children, livestock, and pets. Store herbicides in closed, well-labeled containers in a dry place where they cannot contaminate food, feed, or water.

When handling herbicides, wear clean, dry clothing. Launder clothing after each spraying operation before wearing again.

Do not inhale herbicides, and avoid contact with spray mist and drift. Avoid repeated or prolonged contact of herbicides with your skin. Keep herbicides out of your eyes, nose, and mouth. If you spill herbicide on your body, wash it off with soap and water and remove contaminated clothing.

To protect fish, wildlife, and livestock, do not clean spraying equipment or dump excess spray material near lakes, streams, or ponds.

Empty herbicide containers may be hazardous. Dispose of them in accordance with label instructions or recommendations of your state Extension weed science specialist. Do not burn herbicide containers.

Always read the label carefully before using any herbicide. Be sure to follow all label directions. Remember that some chemicals may not be registered in your area or may have restricted use. Before using any herbicide, check first with your county Extension agent or weed specialist. They can suggest the most suitable chemical for a specific problem and recommend an optimum time and rate of application.

PRESCRIBED BURNING?

If you want to consider a prescribed burn as a treatment method, answer "Y" for Yes. If you do not, answer "N" for No.

FUEL LOAD

Refer to TAEX publication B-1646 "How Much Forage Do You Have?" from the Texas Agricultural Extension Service for photographs of various quantities of grass per acre.

FUEL CONTINUITY

Chose the fuel continuity that best describes your situation.

DISTRIBUTION OF FUEL

For purposes of brush and weed management, the fuel should be distributed among the target species in order to obtain the objective of brush/weed control. For example, there may be an adequate amount of fuel in the management unit based on total dry matter/acre, but poor distribution could cause areas surrounding target species to have very sparse fuel resulting in an ineffective burn.

PRESCRIBED BURN CHECKLIST

The Prescribed Burn Checklist can be found at the back of the EXSEL User's Guide. You may also get a copy from your County Extension Agent.

SOIL MOISTURE CONDITION

Since soil moisture can affect the use of certain control methods, this entry allows you to identify the soil moisture condition for the area to be treated.